Izinzuzo ze-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile

Ngokusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ukuchithwa kwendle sekuyinkinga enkulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo emhlabeni jikelele. Umnyombo wokuhlanza indle usekukhethweni nasekusetshenzisweni kweama-flocculantsenqubweni yokuhlanza. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu (i-PAC), njenge-flocculant ebalulekile, kancane kancane isiphenduke "umkhiqizo wenkanyezi" embonini yokuhlanza indle ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye namathemba okufaka isicelo abanzi.

I-Polyaluminium chloride iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer ye-inorganic enomphumela oqinile we-flocculation. Itholakala ngokusabela kwe-polymerization kwe-aluminium chloride ne-aluminium hydroxide ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-flocculants endabuko e-aluminium kasawoti (njenge-aluminium sulfate, i-aluminium kasawoti coagulant, njll.), i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu inamandla anamandla okukhipha ukungcola, ikakhulukazi uma ibhekene ne-turbidity ephezulu kanye nokungcola okunamandla kawoyela. Ukusebenza kugqama kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngekhwalithi yamanzi. Isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nokuhlanza indle kamasipala, ukuthuthwa kwendle ezimbonini, kanye nokuthuthwa kwendle ezindlini.

Izinzuzo ze-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu

1. Umphumela we-flocculation uyamangalisa

I-Polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingakha ngokushesha inani elikhulu lama-flocs amahle emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela ikhangise ngempumelelo izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, izinto ezingama-colloidal nama-microorganisms emanzini. Ingakwazi ukukhangisa ngokushesha futhi isuse izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, amafutha, ama-ion ensimbi esindayo nokunye ukungcola emanzini. Ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisana nekhwalithi yamanzi eyinkimbinkimbi, umphumela uphakeme kakhulu kunama-flocculants kasawoti e-aluminium evamile. Ekulapheni indle, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingakhuphula isivinini sokumisa ithangi le-sedimentation ngesikhathi esifushane, ngaleyo ndlela ifinyeze kakhulu umjikelezo wokuhlanza indle.

2.Ibanga elibanzi lohlelo lokusebenza

Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chlorideingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zekhwalithi yamanzi, okuhlanganisa amanzi ane-turbidity ephezulu, indle enamafutha amaningi, amanzi aqukethe izinsimbi ezinzima, namanzi aphansi okushisa aphansi, abonisa ukuguquguquka okuqinile. Ingasusa kahle izinto eziningi eziqinile ezimisiwe kanye nokungcola emanzini, futhi ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanzeni indle emikhakheni ehlukene njengokuphatha komasipala, izimboni, nezimayini. Isibonelo, ekuhlanzeni indle yasekhaya, amanzi angcolile e-pulp mill, amanzi angcolile e-metallurgical, amanzi angcolile embonini yokudla nezinye izimo, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokwelapha.

3. Umthamo ophansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokonga amandla

Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride yakhelwe ukuzuza umthamo omncane kanye nomphumela ongcono we-flocculation. Umthamo we-low-turbidity ungama-25-40% we-aluminium sulfate, kanti umthamo we-high-turbidity ngu-10-25% we-aluminium sulfate. Lokhu akugcini nje ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenzisa amakhemikhali, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nodaka ohlelweni lokuhlanza indle. Ngenxa yezinsalela zayo eziphansi ze-aluminium, inciphisa ukungcoliswa kwesibili kwemithombo yamanzi futhi inciphisa kakhulu izindleko zizonke zokukhuculula indle. Ngakho-ke, isibe yithuluzi elibalulekile lokulondoloza izindleko nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo.

4. Ayinandaba nemvelo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu kunomthelela omncane emvelweni nasezinsalela eziphansi ze-aluminium. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-chemical flocculants, i-polyaluminium chloride iphephe kakhudlwana futhi inomthelela omncane ku-pH ne-TA yamanzi angcolile, ngakho isidingo samakhemikhali sokulungisa i-pH ne-TA siyehla. Ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zokuhlanza indle kanye namaphrojekthi okuvikela imvelo, isiphenduke ukukhetha okuluhlaza futhi okunobungani kwemvelo.

5. Ifanele izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi ane-turbidity ephezulu

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi enkathini yokushisa ephansi kuyinselele evamile. Ikakhulukazi ebusika obubandayo, ukusebenza kahle kwama-flocculants amaningi endabuko kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingaqhubeka nokugcina umphumela we-flocculation ephezulu ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi lokushisa. Ukwengeza, lapho ukuguguleka kwamanzi kuphezulu, i-PAC iphinda ibonise amandla okucubungula aqinile futhi ingasusa ngokuphumelelayo izinhlayiya ezimisiwe nezinto ze-colloidal emanzini. Emanzini anokungcola okunamandla kawoyela, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwehlisa amafutha.

6. Zijwayeze kumabanga we-pH ahlukene

I-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu inokuvumelana nezimo eziqinile ezinguqukweni ze-pH yamanzi futhi ingasebenza ngempumelelo ebangeni le-pH elibanzi. Ngokuvamile, i-PAC ingagcina umphumela omuhle wokugeleza emanzini anevelu ye-pH ephansi (e-asidi) noma ephakeme (ye-alkali), enweba ngokwengeziwe ukusebenza kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zekhwalithi yamanzi. 5.0-9.0 vs 5.5-7.5

7. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-sedimentation futhi unciphise umthamo wodaka

I-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu isiza ukusheshisa ukuxazululwa kwezinhlayiya eziqinile kundle futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwethangi le-sedimentation ngokwenza ngcono ukuminyana kanye nokuzinza kwama-flocs. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization ye-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu, ama-flocs akhiwe aqinile futhi ahlala ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise inani le-sludge ekhiqizwayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni nokulahlwa kodaka okulandelayo, futhi kunganciphisa izindleko nobunzima bokwelashwa kodaka.

Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwe-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile

1. Ukuhlanza indle kamasipala

Emkhakheni wokuhlanza indle kamasipala, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezigabeni zokwelashwa kwangaphambili kanye nezigaba zesibili zokwelashwa kwezitshalo zamanzi. Ingakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, izinto ze-colloidal, amabhaktheriya namanye ama-microorganisms emanzini, ithuthukise ikhwalithi yamanzi, futhi inikeze umthombo wamanzi wekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphilayo okulandelayo. I-PAC isiphenduke enye yezindawo ezihamba phambili zokukhuculula indle emadolobheni amaningi ekhaya naphesheya.

2.Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini

Emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu isetshenziswa kabanzi. Kunomphumela omuhle wokwelapha emanzini angcolile ezimbonini asuka ekunyatheliseni nasekudayeni, ukwenza amaphepha, isikhumba, i-electroplating nezinye izimboni, futhi ingasusa ngokuphumelelayo ukungcola okunjengombala, i-COD ne-BOD. Isibonelo, kwezensimbi, amandla kagesi, imboni yamakhemikhali, ukwenza amaphepha, ukucubungula ukudla nezinye izimboni, i-PAC ingasiza ekususeni izinsimbi ezisindayo, amabala kawoyela, izinhlayiya ezimisiwe nokunye ukungcola emanzini. Ikakhulukazi lapho kwelapha amanzi angcolile anamafutha, i-PAC ibonise ikhono layo elihle kakhulu lokususa uwoyela futhi inganciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kukawoyela emizimbeni yamanzi.

3. Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimayini

Emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimayini, i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu ingakwazi ukususa amaminerali, i-sediment kanye nezinye izinto ezimisiwe emanzini, inikeze ukusekelwa kokuvuselelwa kabusha kwamanzi nokubuyiselwa kwemvelo ezindaweni zezimayini. Njengoba ikhwalithi yamanzi ezindaweni zezimayini iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziqinile ezimisiwe nezinsimbi ezinzima, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu kuvelele kakhulu kulolu hlobo lokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.

Ngenjwayelo,i-polyaluminium chloride esebenza kahle kakhulu, njenge-flocculant enhle kakhulu yokuhlanza indle, inezinzuzo ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe nezemvelo. Ikakhulukazi uma kune-turbidity ephezulu, ikhwalithi yamanzi eyinkimbinkimbi, nokungcoliswa kukawoyela osindayo, kungafinyelela imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokwelashwa.