Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PAC Embonini Yokwenza Amaphepha

I-Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) iyikhemikhali ebalulekile embonini yokwenza amaphepha, edlala indima ebalulekile ezigabeni ezahlukene zenqubo yokwenza amaphepha. I-PAC iyi-coagulant esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwezinhlayiya ezincane, izigcwalisi, kanye nemicu, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqizwa kwephepha.

Ukujiya kanye nokuQoqa

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-PAC ekwenzeni iphepha yizakhiwo zayo zokubopha kanye ne-flocculation. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza iphepha, amanzi axutshwa nemicu ye-cellulose ukuze kwakheke i-slurry. Le slurry iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinhlayiya ezincane kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezincibilikisiwe ezidinga ukususwa ukuze kukhiqizwe iphepha elisezingeni eliphezulu. I-PAC, uma ingezwa ku-slurry, iqeda amandla amabi ezinhlayiya ezilengisiwe, okubangela ukuthi zihlangane zibe ama-aggregates amakhulu noma ama-floc. Le nqubo isiza kakhulu ekususweni kwalezi zinhlayiya ezincane ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha amanzi, okuholela emanzini acacile kanye nokugcinwa kwe-fiber okuthuthukisiwe.

Ukugcinwa Okuthuthukisiwe Nokugeleza Kwamanzi

Ukugcinwa kwemicu kanye nama-filler kubalulekile ekwenzeni iphepha njengoba kuthinta ngqo amandla ephepha, ukuthungwa kwalo, kanye nekhwalithi yalo lonke. I-PAC ithuthukisa ukugcinwa kwalezi zinto ngokwenza ama-floc amakhulu angagcinwa kalula emshinini womshini wephepha. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa amandla kanye nekhwalithi yephepha kodwa futhi kunciphisa inani lokulahleka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, okuholela ekongeni izindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthuthukisiwe okusizwa yi-PAC kunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi ephepheni lephepha, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa amandla adingekayo ukuze komiswe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokwenza iphepha.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi Yephepha

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PAC ekwenzeni amaphepha kunegalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yephepha. Ngokuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwezinhlawulo kanye nezigcwalisi, i-PAC isiza ekukhiqizeni iphepha elinokwakheka okungcono, ukufana, kanye nezakhiwo zomphezulu. Lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokuphrinta, ukushelela, kanye nokubukeka kwephepha lonke, okwenza lifaneleke kakhulu ekuphrinteni nasekupaketheni kwekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ukunciphisa i-BOD kanye ne-COD ekwenzeni amaphepha Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Angcolile

Isidingo Se-Oxygen Se-Biochemical (BOD) kanye Nesidingo Se-Oxygen Se-Chemical (COD) yizilinganiso zenani lezinto eziphilayo ezikhona emanzini angcolile akhiqizwa yinqubo yokwenza iphepha. Amazinga aphezulu e-BOD kanye ne-COD abonisa izinga eliphezulu lokungcola, okungaba yingozi emvelweni. I-PAC yehlisa ngempumelelo amazinga e-BOD kanye ne-COD ngokuhlanganisa nokususa ukungcola kwemvelo emanzini angcolile. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ekuhlangabezaneni nemithethonqubo yemvelo kodwa futhi kunciphisa nezindleko zokwelashwa ezihambisana nokuphathwa kwamanzi angcolile.

Ngamafuphi, i-polyaluminum chloride iyisengezo esibalulekile embonini yokwenza amaphepha, enikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokwenza amaphepha kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Izindima zayo ekujiyeni nasekufudumaleni, ukugcinwa okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi, ukunciphisa i-BOD kanye ne-COD, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuphelele kwekhwalithi yamaphepha kwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile ekwenzeni amaphepha kwanamuhla.