Polycrylamide(UPam) yi-polymer ephezulu ye-molecular esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Inezinhlobonhlobo zama-molecular izinsimbi, ama-ionicities, kanye nezakhiwo ukuze zivumelane nezimo zokusebenzisa ezahlukahlukene futhi zingenziwa ngokwezifiso zezimo ezikhethekile. Ngokungathathi hlangothi kukagesi kanye ne-polymer adsorption kanye ne-bridging, i-pam ingakhuthaza i-agglomeration esheshayo kanye nokuqunjelwa kwezinhlayiya ezimisiwe, ngcono ikhwalithi yamanzi. Le ndatshana izongena kwizicelo ezithile nemiphumela ye-PAM ekwelashweni kwamanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
Ekwelashweni kwendle ezifuywayo, i-PAM isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukufundwa kwe-floccution kanye ne-sludge azokhipha imali. Ngokunciphisa izakhiwo zikagesi kanye nokusebenzisa imiphumela yokubopha ama-adderbing, i-PAM ingasheshisa i-agglomeration yama-solids amiswe amanzi emanzini ukwakha ama-flocs wezinhlayiya ezinkulu. Lawa ama-flocs alula ukuyixazulula futhi ahlunga, ngaleyo ndlela asuse ukungcola emanzini futhi athole inhloso yokuhlanza ikhwalithi yamanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwePam kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwendle ukuthuthwa kwendle futhi kunciphise izindleko zokwelashwa.
Emkhakheni we-papermaking, i-pam isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengosizo lokugcinwa kabusha, usizo lokuhlunga, i-dispsant, njll ngokungeza i-pam, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwe-pulp. Ngokwengeziwe, uPam angasebenza njenge-non-an-an-silicon polymer stabilizer inqubo yokuqhuma, ethuthukisa ubumsulwa nokukhanya kwephepha.
Ngokwelashwa kwezitshalo zotshwala,Upomboloisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kwinqubo yokuphelelwa amandla e-sludge. Ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza zotshwala ezinezinto zokwehluka ezihlukene eziluhlaza kanye nezinqubo zokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-cationic polylamide nge-inicicity efanelekile nesisindo se-molecular. Ukuhlolwa kokukhethwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-beaker ye-beaker kungenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Amanzi adonswa ngokudla, ngezinto zalo eziphakeme eziphilayo futhi amiswe okuqukethwe ama-solids, kudinga izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele. Indlela yendabuko ihilela ukuqunjelwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuvutshelwa kwe-biochemical. Kodwa-ke, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ama-polymer flocculants ajwayele ukudingekile ekutholeni ukuphuma komzimba kanye nokunye ukwelashwa kwemisebenzi. Iningi le-flocculants elisetshenziswe kule nqubo yimikhiqizo ye-cationic polyyacide. Ukukhetha umkhiqizo ofanele we-polyrrylamide kudinga ukucubungula umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu (lokushisa) ekukhetheni kwe-flocculant, ukukhetha isisindo esifanelekile kanye nenani lokukhokhiswa ngokususelwa kusayizi we-floc adingwa yinqubo yokwelashwa, nezinye izinto. Ngokwengeziwe, ukunakwa kufanele kunikezwe izingqinamba ezinjengezinqubo kanye nezidingo zemishini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-flocculants.
Ku-elekthronikhi ne-electroning wastewater, i-pam isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengeI-flecculontantkanye ne-precipitant. Ngokunciphisa izakhiwo zikagesi kanye nokusebenzisa imiphumela yokubhuka kwama-adsbbing, uPam angakwazi ukukwenza ngokushesha futhi axazulule ama-ion esindayo e-wastewater. Kule nqubo, kudingekile ngokuvamile ukwengeza i-sulfuric acid kumanzi angcolile ukuze uguqule inani le-PH libe ngu-2-3 bese ufaka umenzeli oncishisiwe. Ethangini elilandelayo lokuphendula, sebenzisa uNaoh noma Ca (oh) 2 ukulungisa inani le-PH liye ku-7-8 ukukhiqiza ama-Cr (oh) ama-3 ama-precipitates. Ngemuva kwalokho engeza okuhlanganisiwe ukuze uqonde futhi ususe u-CR (oh) 3. Ngalezi zinqubo zokwelashwa, uPam usiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kwamanzi nge-elekthronikhi kanye ne-electroplating futhi kunciphise ukulimala kwe-ion eqinile yensimbi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-04-2024