I-Polyacrylamide (PAM) kanye Nokusetshenziswa Kwayo Ekuhlanzweni Kwamanzi

I-Polyacrylamide (PAM) kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi

Ukulawulwa kokungcola kwamanzi kanye nokubusa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokulahlwa kokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka.

I-Polyacrylamide (PAM), i-polymer encibilikayo emanzini eqondile, iyindima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi ngenxa yesisindo sama-molecule aphezulu, ukuncibilika emanzini, ukulawulwa kwesisindo sama-molecule kanye nokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kokusebenza.

I-PAM kanye nezinto eziphuma kuyo zingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezisebenza kahle zokunciphisa umswakama, i-ejenti yokuqinisa, i-ejenti yokunciphisa ukudonsa, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekucubunguleni amanzi, ekwenzeni iphepha, kuphethiloli, kumalahle, ekubumbeni, ekwakheni nakwezinye izimboni.

Emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, emanzini angaphezulu kanye nendle, ukungcola kanye nokungcola kuvame ukuba khona njengoba izinhlayiya eziningi zincane kakhulu ukuthi zingahlala ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthwa kwemvelo akukwazanga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo, ngosizo lwamakhemikhali kusheshisa ukuhlanzwa kobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe ekukhiqizeni. Isibonelo, i-molecule ye-PAM imunca izinhlayiya eziningana futhi yenze i-floc enkulu, ngakho-ke, ukuhlaliswa kwezinhlayiya kuyasheshiswa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-flocculant engaphili, i-PAM inezinzuzo eziningana ezibalulekile: izinhlobo eziningi zezimo ezahlukahlukene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, umthamo omncane, ukukhiqizwa kodaka okuncane, kanye nokwelashwa okulula ngemva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yi-flocculant efanelekile kakhulu.

Kumayelana nomthamo we-inorganic coagulant 1/30 kuya ku-1/200.

I-PAM ithengiswa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-powder kanye ne-emulsion.

Impuphu ye-PAM kulula ukuyithutha, kodwa akulula ukuyisebenzisa (kudingeka amadivayisi okuncibilikisa), kuyilapho i-emulsion ingekho lula ukuyithutha futhi inokuphila okufushane kokugcina.

I-PAM inokuncibilika okukhulu emanzini, kodwa incibilika kancane kakhulu. Ukuncibilika kubiza amahora amaningana noma ubusuku bonke. Ukuxuba okuhle ngomshini kuzosiza ekuncibilikiseni i-PAM. Faka i-PAM kancane emanzini axutshwe - hhayi amanzi ku-PAM.

Ukushisa kungakhuphula kancane izinga lokuncibilika, kodwa izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule ku-60°C.

Isilinganiso se-PAM esiphezulu sesisombululo se-polymer singu-0.5%, i-concentration ye-PAM yama-molecule aphansi ingahlelwa ibe yi-1% noma ngaphezulu kancane.

Isixazululo se-PAM esilungisiwe kumele sisetshenziswe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwe-flocculation kuzothinteka.