Ukwelashwa ngamanzi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nempilo yomphakathi, futhi inhloso yayo ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamanzi aphephile nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zezicelo ezahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa kwamanzi,i-polyaluminum chloride(PAC) ikhethwa kabanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile kanye nomphumela ophumelelayo wokujiya.
Umphumela osebenzayo wokujiya: I-PAC inamandla amahle kakhulu okujiya futhi ingasusa ngempumelelo ukungcola okufana nezinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe, ama-colloid nezinto eziphilayo ezinganyibiliki emanzini futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Indlela esebenza ngayo i-polyaluminium chloride (PAC) njenge-coagulant ihlanganisa kakhulu ukucindezelwa kwesendlalelo esikabili sikagesi, ukungathathi hlangothi kweshaja kanye nokubamba inethi. Ukucindezelwa kwesendlalelo esikabili sikagesi kusho ukuthi ngemva kokufaka i-PAC emanzini, ama-ion e-aluminium kanye nama-ion e-chloride akha isendlalelo sokumunca phezu kwezinhlayiya ze-colloidal, ngaleyo ndlela acindezele isendlalelo esikabili sikagesi phezu kwezinhlayiya ze-colloidal, okubangela ukuba zingasebenzi kahle futhi ziqine; ukubopha i-adsorption kuyinto Ama-cation kuma-molecule e-PAC ayakhangana futhi amacala amabi ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-colloidal, akha isakhiwo "sebhuloho" ukuxhuma izinhlayiya eziningi ze-colloidal; umphumela wenethi ungomphumela we-adsorption kanye ne-bridging wama-molecule e-PAC kanye nezinhlayiya ze-colloidal, okuhlanganisa izinhlayiya ze-colloidal. Abanjwe kunethiwekhi yama-molecule e-coagulant.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okwelashwa kwe-polyaluminum chloride
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-flocculant angaphili, kuthuthukise kakhulu umphumela wokususa umbala wamadayi. Indlela esebenza ngayo ukuthi i-PAC ingakhuthaza ama-molecule edayi ukuthi akhe ama-floc amahle ngokucindezelwa noma ukuncishiswa kwesendlalelo sikagesi esiphindwe kabili.
Uma i-PAM isetshenziswa kanye ne-PAC, ama-molecule e-anionic organic polymer angasebenzisa umphumela wokubopha amaketanga awo amade ama-molecule ukukhiqiza ama-floc amakhulu ngokubambisana kwe-ejenti edala ukuzinza. Le nqubo isiza ekuthuthukiseni umphumela wokuzinza futhi yenza kube lula ukususa ama-ion ensimbi esindayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lamaqembu e-amide aqukethwe emaketanga aseceleni ama-molecule e-anionic polyacrylamide lingakha izibopho ze-ionic nge--SON kuma-molecule edayi. Ukwakheka kwalesi sibopho samakhemikhali kunciphisa ukuncibilika kwe-flocculant ephilayo emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukwakheka okusheshayo kanye nokuna kwe-floc. Le ndlela yokubopha ejulile yenza kube nzima kakhulu ngama-ion ensimbi esindayo ukubaleka, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa.
Ngokuphathelene nokususwa kwe-phosphorus, ukusebenza kahle kwe-polyaluminum chloride akunakunganakwa. Uma ingezwa emanzini angcolile aqukethe i-phosphorus, ingancibilika ukuze ikhiqize ama-ion ensimbi e-aluminium amathathu. Le ion ibopha kuma-phosphate ancibilikayo emanzini angcolile, iguqule lawa abe ama-phosphate precipitates angancibiliki. Le nqubo yokuguqula isusa ngempumelelo ama-ion e-phosphate emanzini angcolile futhi inciphise umthelela omubi we-phosphorus emizimbeni yamanzi.
Ngaphezu kokusabela okuqondile ne-phosphate, umphumela wokujiya kwe-polyaluminum chloride nawo udlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokususa i-phosphorus. Ingafeza ukumuncwa nokubopha ngokucindezela ungqimba lokushaja ebusweni bama-ion e-phosphate. Le nqubo ibangela ukuthi ama-phosphate nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo emanzini angcolile zijiye ngokushesha zibe amaqoqo, zakhe ama-floc okulula ukuzinza.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngezinto eziqinile ezimiswe nge-granular ezikhiqizwe ngemuva kokwengeza i-ejenti yokususa i-phosphorus, i-PAC isebenzisa indlela yayo yokubamba i-net eyingqayizivele kanye nomphumela wayo wokungashaji oqinile ukukhuthaza ukukhula kancane kancane kanye nokuqina kwalezi zinto eziqinile ezimiswe nge-inthanethi, bese ziqina, zihlangane, futhi zigcwale zibe yizinhlayiya ezinkulu. Lezi zinhlayiya zibe sezihlala phansi, futhi ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-solid-liquid, uketshezi oluphezulu lungakhishwa, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ukususwa kwe-phosphorus okuphumelelayo. Lolu chungechunge lwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomzimba nezamakhemikhali luqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuzinza kokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, okuhlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esiqinile sokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwemithombo yamanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-10-2024