Isigaba esibalulekile enkambisweni yokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ukuqina nokuqina kwezinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe, inqubo encike kakhulu kumakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthiama-flocculantKulokhu, ama-polymer adlala indima ebalulekile, ngakho-ke i-PAM, ama-polyamine. Lesi sihloko sizogxila kuma-polymer flocculants avamile, ukusetshenziswa kwama-polymers njenge-flocculants ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile, kanye nemisebenzi engemuva kwawo.
Yiziphi ezivame ukusetshenziswaizinto zokupholisa ze-polymer?
Ama-polymer flocculant asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka phakathi ama-cationic polymers, ama-anionic polymers kanye nama-nonionic polymers. Lawa ma-polymers angatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene zokwenziwa futhi anezakhiwo ezahlukene ze-cationic kanye namagatsha. Ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo, kubalulekile ukukhetha ama-polymer flocculant afanele ngokwezimo ezithile zamanzi angcolile ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelashwa. I-PAM, i-polyDADMAC, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelashweni kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini. I-Polyacrylamide iyi-flocculant esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Lawa ma-polymer ancibilika emanzini akhiwe ngendlela yokwenziwa futhi angaklanywa ngokwezifiso ukuze asetshenziswe ngendlela ethile ngezisindo ezahlukene zama-molecule, ama-viscosities, amazinga ahlukene okushaja, izinhlobo ezahlukene njengezinhlayiya, ama-emulsions, njll. I-PolyDADMAC isetshenziswa kabanzi emanzini ompompi, ukugobhoza kwamanzi angavuthiwe, ukuphelelwa amanzi emanzini, imboni yamaphepha kanye nemboni yokunyathelisa nokudaya.
Ukusetshenziswa kweama-flocculant ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ukususa ukungcola okufana nezinto eziqinile ezilengayo, izinto eziphilayo ezincibilikisiwe kanye nezinhlayiya ze-colloidal emanzini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yamanzi. Kule nqubo, ama-flocculant adlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa ama-flocculant, izinhlayiya ezincane kanye nezinto ze-colloidal emanzini zingabangelwa ukuthi zihlangane zibe ama-floc amakhulu, angasuswa kalula ngokuthuthwa noma ukuhlunga. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi, kodwa futhi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa futhi kunciphise izindleko zokwelashwa.
Kungani ama-polymer ekwazi ukwenza ama-flocculant?
Ama-polymer angasetshenziswa njenge-flocculant ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesisindo sawo esikhulu sama-molecule kanye nesakhiwo esinamagatsha amaningi. Lezi zakhiwo zivumela i-polymer ukuthi inamathele kangcono ezintweni ezincane, yakhe ama-floc amakhulu angazinza ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-polymer angaqeda ukuxoshwa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwezinhlayiya ngokusebenzisa ukuncishiswa kwe-charge, okuvumela izinhlayiya ukuthi zisondele futhi zihlangane ndawonye.
Indlela yokusebenza kwama-polymers ekwelapheni amanzi amdaka
Indlela yokusebenza kwama-polymer njenge-flocculant ingahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezintathu: ukuncishiswa kweshaja, ukubopha i-flocculation kanye nokubamba i-net. Okokuqala, i-polymer iqeda ukuxoshwa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwezinhlayiya ngokusebenzisa i-charge neutralization, okuvumela izinhlayiya ukuba zisondele. I-polymer ibe isixhumanisa izinhlayiya ndawonye ukuze yakhe ama-floc amakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-bridge flocculation. Okokugcina, la ma-floc ahlanganiswa futhi ahlaliswe emanzini ngesenzo sokukhukhula samanethi.
Izici ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwama-polymers ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile
Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile nge-polymer, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwe-polymer, umthamo, inani le-pH, izinga lokushisa, isivinini sokuxubha, njll. Phakathi kwazo, uhlobo lwe-polymer kanye nomthamo kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polymer zinezakhiwo zokushaja ezahlukene kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo sama-molecule, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-polymer olufanele kanye nomthamo wamanzi angcolile ahlukene ukuze kufezwe umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezifana nenani le-pH, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesivinini sokuxubha nazo zizothinta ukusebenza kahle kokwelapha, futhi izimo ezifanele zidinga ukunqunywa ngokuhlolwa.
Ama-polymer adlala indima ebalulekile njenge-flocculant ekwelapheni amanzi amdaka. Ukuqonda okujulile kwendlela yokusebenza kanye nezici ezithonya ama-polymer kunganikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile kwethiyori kanye nesiqondiso esisebenzayo sokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yesayensi nobuchwepheshe, kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-polymer ekwelapheni amanzi amdaka kuzoba kubanzi kakhulu futhi kujule.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-30-2024