Yimuphi amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukugcwala?

Umuntu ovundayoIngabe inqubo esetshenziswe kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kwamanzi nasekwelashweni kwamanzi angcolile, ukuhlanganisa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe nama-colloids abe izinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-Floc. Lokhu kusiza ukususwa kwabo ngokudideka noma ekuhlunga. Ama-ejenti amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukugcwala ayaziwa ngokuthi ama-flocculants. Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu futhi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ze-polyyacrylamide.

PolycrylamideIngabe i-polymer ihlanganiswe nama-acrylamide monomers. Ikhona ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-anionic, i-cationic, ne-nonic, ngayinye inezinhlelo ezithile. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-polyracrylamide kuya ngohlobo lwezinhlayiya emanzini kanye nomphumela owufunayo wenqubo ye-floccution.

I-Anionic PolyAcrylamide ithweswe kabi futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwamanzi amdaka aqukethe izinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe ezinhle ezifana nezinhlamvu zobumba nezinto eziphilayo. ICotionic Polylamide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenza kahle futhi iyaphumelela ekwelapheni amanzi ngezinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe ezinjengezinkampani ezimisiwe kanye ne-sludge emisiwe. I-Nonic PolyAcrylamide ayikhokhi futhi ilungele ukugcwala kwezinhlayiya eziningi.

I-PolycryRlamide Flocculants isebenza nge-adderbing ebusweni bezinhlayiya, zakha amabhuloho phakathi kwabo, futhi bakha ama-aggregate amakhulu. Ama-Flocs aphumela kulula ukuwathola noma ahlunge amanzi. I-PolyAcrylamide ilindelwe isisindo sayo esiphakeme samangqamuzana, esithuthukisa amakhono ayo okubopha futhi athuthukise.

Ngaphandle kwe-polyracrylamide, amanye amakhemikhali nawo asetshenziselwa ukugcwala, kuya ngezidingo ezithile zenqubo yokwelashwa. Ama-Inorganic Flocculants, njengeI-Aluminium Sulfate(Alum) ne-Ferric Chloride, zivame ukuqashwa ekwelashweni kwamanzi. Lawa makhemikhali akha ama-metal hydroxide flocs uma engezwe emanzini, asizile ekususweni kwezinhlayiya ezimisiwe.

I-Alum, ikakhulukazi, isetshenziswe kabanzi ngokucaciswa kwamanzi iminyaka eminingi. Uma kungezwe emanzini, i-Alum iqhutshwa i-hydrolysis, yakha ama-aluminium hydroxide flocs angcolisa ukungcola. Ama-Flocs angahlala, futhi amanzi acacisiwe angahlukaniswa nokudonswa.

I-Floccution iyisinyathelo esibucayi ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukususwa ukungcola nokukhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile. Ukukhethwa kwe-flocculant kuncike ezintweni ezifana nezimpawu zamanzi azophathwa, uhlobo lwezinhlayiya ezikhona, kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa oyifunayo. I-PolyCrylamide namanye ama-flocculatants badlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwamasistimu wamanzi nezinhlelo zomculi wamanzi, okufaka isandla ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi aphephile nezenhlamba ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.