Ukukhukhulekakuyinqubo esetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi ekuphathweni kwamanzi nasekuphathweni kwamanzi amdaka, ukuhlanganisa izinhlayiya ezilengayo kanye nama-colloid abe yizinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-floc. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukususwa kwazo ngokusebenzisa i-sedimentation noma ukuhlunga. Ama-chemical agents asetshenziselwa i-flocculant aziwa ngokuthi ama-flocculant. Enye ye-flocculant evame kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi yi-polyacrylamide.
I-Polyacrylamideiyi-polymer eyenziwe ngama-monomers e-acrylamide. Ikhona ngezindlela ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-anionic, i-cationic, kanye ne-non-ionic, ngayinye inezinhlelo ezithile. Ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-polyacrylamide kuncike kuhlobo lwezinhlayiya emanzini kanye nomphumela ofiselekayo wenqubo yokugoqa.
I-Anionic polyacrylamide ishajwa kabi futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile aqukethe izinhlayiya ezishajwe kahle njengobumba nezinto eziphilayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Cationic polyacrylamide ishajwa kahle futhi isebenza kahle ekwelapheni amanzi ngezinhlayiya ezishajwe kabi njengeziqinile ezilengayo kanye nodaka. I-non-ionic polyacrylamide ayinayo imali futhi ifanelekela ukugobhoza kwezinhlayiya eziningi.
Ama-flocculant e-Polyacrylamide asebenza ngokunamathela ebusweni bezinhlayiya, akha amabhuloho phakathi kwazo, futhi adale ama-aggregate amakhulu. Ama-floc avelayo kulula ukuwahlalisa noma ukuwahlunga emanzini. I-Polyacrylamide ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yesisindo sayo sama-molecule aphezulu, okuthuthukisa amakhono ayo okuhlanganisa nokugoqa.
Ngaphandle kwe-polyacrylamide, amanye amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukugoqa, kuye ngezidingo ezithile zenqubo yokwelapha. Ama-flocculant angaphili, njengeI-Aluminium Sulfate(i-alum) kanye ne-ferric chloride, zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuphatheni amanzi. La makhemikhali akha ama-floc e-metal hydroxide uma engezwa emanzini, esiza ekususweni kwezinhlayiya ezilengayo.
Ikakhulukazi i-Alum ibilokhu isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanzeni amanzi iminyaka eminingi. Uma ifakwa emanzini, i-alum idlula ku-hydrolysis, yakha ama-floc e-aluminium hydroxide abamba ukungcola. Ama-floc angahlala phansi, bese amanzi acwengekile angahlukaniswa nenhlabathi.
Ukufuthwa kwamanzi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukususwa kokungcola nokukhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile. Ukukhetha i-flocculant kuncike ezicini ezifana nezici zamanzi okufanele aphathwe, uhlobo lwezinhlayiya ezikhona, kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa ofiselekayo. I-Polyacrylamide kanye nezinye izinto zofuthwa emanzini zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi namanzi angcolile, okufaka isandla ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi aphephile naphuzwayo ngezinhloso ezahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-26-2024