Iyiphi ikhemikhali esetshenziselwa i-Flocculation?

I-Flocculationkuyinqubo esetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ekuhlanzeni amanzi nasekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile, ukuhlanganisa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe nama-colloid zibe izinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-floc.Lokhu kusiza ukususwa kwazo ngokusebenzisa i-sedimentation noma ukuhlunga.Amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa i-flocculation aziwa ngokuthi ama-flocculants.Enye ye-flocculants evame kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi i-polyacrylamide.

I-Polyacrylamideiyi-polymer ehlanganiswe ne-acrylamide monomers.Itholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-anionic, i-cationic, kanye ne-non-ionic, ngayinye enezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-polyacrylamide kuncike esimweni sezinhlayiya emanzini kanye nomphumela oyifunayo wenqubo ye-flocculation.

I-Anionic polyacrylamide ishajiwe kabi futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile aqukethe izinhlayiya ezifakwe kahle njengobumba nezinto eziphilayo.I-Cationic polyacrylamide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ishajwe kahle futhi iyasebenza ekwelapheni amanzi ngezinhlayiya ezishajwa kabi njengeziqinile ezimisiwe nodaka.I-polyacrylamide engeyona i-ionic ayinakho ukukhokhiswa futhi ifanele ukugeleza kwezinhlayiya ezihlukahlukene.

Ama-Polyacrylamide flocculants asebenza ngokukhangisa phezu kwezinhlayiya, enze amabhuloho phakathi kwawo, futhi enze ama-aggregate amakhulu.Ama-flocs avelayo kulula ukuxazulula noma ukuhlunga emanzini.I-Polyacrylamide ikhethwa ngenxa yesisindo sayo esiphezulu samangqamuzana, esithuthukisa amakhono ayo okuhlanganisa nokuntanta.

Ngaphandle kwe-polyacrylamide, amanye amakhemikhali nawo asetshenziselwa i-flocculation, kuye ngezidingo ezithile zenqubo yokwelashwa.Ama-flocculants angaphili, njengeI-aluminium sulfate(i-alum) kanye ne-ferric chloride, ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni amanzi.Lawa makhemikhali akha ama-metal hydroxide flocs lapho engezwa emanzini, esiza ekukhipheni izinhlayiya ezimisiwe.

I-alum, ikakhulukazi, isetshenziswe kabanzi ukucaciswa kwamanzi iminyaka eminingi.Uma yengezwa emanzini, i-alum ingena ngaphansi kwe-hydrolysis, yakhe i-aluminium hydroxide flocs ebamba ukungcola.Khona-ke ama-flocs angahlala, futhi amanzi acacisiwe angahlukaniswa ne-sediment.

I-Flocculation iyisinyathelo esibalulekile ezinkambisweni zokuhlanza amanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukususwa kokungcola nokukhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile.Ukukhethwa kwe-flocculant kuncike ezintweni ezifana nezici zamanzi azophathwa, uhlobo lwezinhlayiya ezikhona, kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa oyifunayo.I-Polyacrylamide namanye ama-flocculant adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi kanye namanzi angcolile, okunikela ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi aphephile naphuzwayo ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene.